Lottery is a game of chance in which numbers or symbols are drawn to determine ownership or other rights. Lotteries have been around for centuries, with the Old Testament directing Moses to take a census and give away land by lot, and Roman emperors using them for slaves and property. In colonial America, the lottery became a popular way to raise money for churches, schools, canals, roads and other public works projects. It also helped to fund the creation of some of our nation’s most prestigious universities, including Columbia and Princeton.
Today, most state governments run lotteries as businesses – and advertise them aggressively to attract players and maximize revenues. This has raised concerns about how advertising for gambling can impact poor people, problem gamblers and others who might be harmed by the promotion of a practice they find addictive. In addition, promoting the lottery obscures a key fact: Despite the hype, the chances of winning a prize large enough to dramatically change your life are incredibly long.
So why do people keep playing? Leaf Van Boven, an associate professor of psychology at the University of Colorado at Boulder, says a number of psychological motivations are at play. One involves counterfactual thinking – the tendency to imagine what would have happened had you done something different. Another is a common behavioral response called decision weighting, in which people treat small probabilities as much larger than they actually are. Thus, a 1% chance of winning the lottery might be treated as though it’s actually 5%, Van Boven says.